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Showing posts with label 74HC595. Show all posts
Showing posts with label 74HC595. Show all posts

Saturday, 26 April 2014

Room Management System – Adding a 16 x 2 LCD

I finally got around to do a little research and some homework do add the LCD to the room management system using only 3 wires and a shift register. First of all a big thanks to Chris Parish for publishing his circuit diagrams and the library to make it work.

Second, before we start, a small explanation what I would like to do with the display. The main goal is still the menu project, implementing a way of adjusting timers and sensitivity settings without hooking the system up to a computer or pulling the chip out for reprogramming. A second goal is to display a permanent system status. For example displaying if a circuit has to be activated or not which makes troubleshooting a little easier if something goes wrong.

We need a HD44780 based LCD display, a 74HC595 shift register, a 10 k trim pot, a 220 ohm resistor (optional) a pref board, some wire and about an hour time for soldering or a breadboard and some jump wires if you like to make it temporary for experimenting first. To get started we make a quick D-tour to Chris blog at http://cjparish.blogspot.com/2010/01/controlling-lcd-display-with-shift.html to have a look at the original wiring diagram and a different approach of building the adaptor. Please also download the library from his site and place it as usual with all the other libraries in the library folder of the Arduino IDE. All done so far?
Let me show you how I wired up my display adapter. All brown drawn wire connections are on the solder side. The two yellow wires are on the parts side as jumpers. I couldn't get the MOSFET which Chris originally used in his diagram, so I used a FQP30N06L which works as well. I added also a 220 ohm resistor between the VCC connection and the LCD pin 15 cause I found the back light a little bright. However, that's up to your liking, putting it in or change the value to your needs.



Finally we connect it to the Atmega chip. The data pin (74HC595 pin 14) goes to Arduino pin DI 9, the latch pin (74HC595 pin 12) goes to Arduino pin DI 10 and the clock pin (74HC595 pin 11) connects to Arduino pin DI 11. Don't forget to connect GND and VCC.




Now comes the interesting part. First we need to include the ShiftLcd library and there fore we go right on top of our room management system sketch:


#include <DS1307RTC.h>
#include <Time.h>
#include <Wire.h>
//>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>That's' the library to include<<<<<<<<<<
#include <ShiftLCD.h>

/////////////////////Declaring the Variables/////////////////


From here we jump down to the end of the timer variables to where it says


byte room901Active = 1;                   //Set to 1 if you want to process
                                                      //Timer will be ignored when set to 0
unsigned int room9On[2] = {17, 45}; //Time to switch on the lights
unsigned int room9Off[2] = {18, 30}; //Time to switch off the lights
////////////////////////////DO NOT MODIVY BELOW HERE///////////////////////////////////////

//////////defining Arduino Pins/////////////////
//>>>>>>>>>>>>>here we add<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
ShiftLCD lcd(9, 11, 10);                  //initializing the LCD adaptor pins

Next, we go down to the setup loop:

void setup() {
//////////////Start Serial for Debugging/////////////////////

Serial.begin(9600);
//>>>>>>>>>>>>>>addition starts here<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
lcd.begin(16, 2);                           //start lcd
lcd.print("RMU 1.2.3");                 //print something 
delay(2000);                                //for read abilety
//>>>>>>>>>>>addition ends here<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
//////////////////defining pin modes////////////////////
pinMode(doorMonitor, OUTPUT);     //setting the LED pin to output
pinMode(latchPin, OUTPUT);           //setting the latch pin to output
pinMode(clockPin, OUTPUT);          //setting the clock pin to output
pinMode(dataPin, INPUT);               //setting the data pin to input
pinMode(latchPinOut, OUTPUT);
pinMode(clockPinOut, OUTPUT);
pinMode(dataPinOut, OUTPUT);
OK so far. We move on and go down to the beginning of the holiday switch processing.

//////////////Holiday lighting/////////////////////////
//we need to move everything below this comment up to
// currentYear = tmYearToCalendar(tm.Year); //passing year to var
// }
//below the line, where it says “ //////////////////processing the input/////////////////////”
tmElements_t tm;                 //initializing RTC
if(RTC.read(tm)) {               //Reading the clock
currentHour = tm.Hour;        //passing the time into a var
currentMinute = tm.Minute;   //passing the time into a var
currentDay = tm.Wday;        //passing Weekday
//(Mon - Sun eg 1-7) into var
currentDoM = tm.Day;         //passing day in to var (1-31)
currentMonth = tm.Month;   //passing month into var (1-12)
currentYear = tmYearToCalendar(tm.Year); //passing year to var
}


After movement it looks like this:
//////////////////processing the input/////////////////////
tmElements_t tm;                   //initializing RTC
if(RTC.read(tm)) {                 //Reading the clock
currentHour = tm.Hour;          //passing the time into a var
currentMinute = tm.Minute;    //passing the time into a var
currentDay = tm.Wday;         //passing Weekday
//(Mon - Sun eg 1-7) into var
currentDoM = tm.Day;          //passing day in to var (1-31)
currentMonth = tm.Month;     //passing month into var (1-12)
currentYear = tmYearToCalendar(tm.Year); //passing year to var
}

Right below the moved time declaration part we add the following

lcd.setCursor(0, 0);         //set the cursor to line 1 pos 1
lcd.print(" ");                  //print 15 blanks to delete all
                                     //prior statements
lcd.setCursor(0, 1);         //set cursor to row 2 pos 1
if(currentHour < 10) lcd.print("0");           //if the hour is less than 10
                                                            //we print a 0 to keep 2 digits
lcd.print(currentHour);                            //print current time (hour)
lcd.print(":");                                          //print separator
if(currentMinute < 10) lcd.print("0");        //if the minute is less than
                                                            //10 print 0 to keep 2 digits
lcd.print(currentMinute);                        //print current time (minutes)

The last statement will print the current time generated by the implemented RTC. Now it's time to see if it all works.

If everything went well the sketch will compile and if you have added a delay(1000), in the setup loop just after the lcd.print statement, what ever you wrote in this statement will show up and disappear and the current time will show at the beginning of row 2.
If you are getting an compiler error like:
/Users/dan/Documents/Arduino/libraries/ShiftLCD/ShiftLCD.h:116: error: conflicting return type specified for 'virtual void ShiftLCD::write(uint8_t)'

Please do the following:

Open the whatever/Arduino/libraries/ShiftLCD folder and

In ShiftLCD.h
Change line 116 to virtual size_t write(uint8_t);

In ShiftLCD.cpp
Change line 6 to #include "Arduino.h"
Change line 252 to inline size_t ShiftLCD::write(uint8_t value) {

If you have any further issues, please go through Chris blog, there are lots of explanations how things work. I have it running and compile with Arduino IDE 1.5.6 r2 and a Funduino Uno clone for testing and it is connected now to a stand alone Atmega 328.

In the next post I build the switch shield for the menu entries and start building the menu.

Wednesday, 16 April 2014

Room Management System – 74HC595 shift register noise discovery

I have been banging my head on the wall for nearly a week now trying to sort out some instability problems. A couple of days ago, late in the evening I found a small mistake in my soldering. After making about 100 soldering point in a row I most have gotten a little tired and didn't solder the data pin properly to the board. Fixing it solved the problem for this evening. The next evening, - the problem was back. Reading through a lot of forum posts and rechecking the data sheet of the 74HC595 I found that this particular shift register in known for noise problems. Nothing to worry, we just need to add a few filter capacitors and the problem is solved. What I did is the following. The original 0.1 uF capacitor connected to the latch pin of the first shift register of our chain, going to ground has to go. This capacitor which is even used in the Arduino tutorial “Serial to parallel shift out” is preventing the latch pin to go HIGH fast enough before you bring it back down again.



The next step is to add a 0.1uF capacitor between VCC and ground on each shift register as close to it as any possible. Step number 3 is to add a 10 uF capacitor in the power line as close to the power source as any possible.



The last two images are only to show clearly what I have done. The following image shows it in the experimental setup with all the components as far as it is developed. 



That also brings me back to the analogue smoothing algorithm from Tom Igoe. If you didn't take it out yet and you want to go with it, please feel free to leave it as it is because there is nothing wrong with it. It was just co-instance that the stability problems where starting to occur after its implementation.

Monday, 14 April 2014

Room Management System - Full sketch including holiday switching

As promised,  here again a complete updated sketch with all the additions and changes included up to "Holiday switching of some lights". Please be aware of the fact the quotation marks change if you just copy and past, which will give you a warning from the compiler. Effected are all active Serial.print() statements and char or string arrays.

Again, you may use the sketch below as is or modify it to your needs. What ever you do with it, you do it at your own risk.

/////////////////////Includes/////////////////////////////
#include <DS1307RTC.h>
#include <Time.h>
#include <Wire.h>

/////////////////Declaring the Variables/////////////////

///////////Timer and Sensitivity Settings to be changed to individual needs////////////////
unsigned int sensitivity = 500;    //should be between 200 and 1000 as
                                   //lower the number as more responsive
                                   //the system will be
unsigned int photoCellCutOn = 320;  //var holding the switching limit for the photocell
unsigned int photoCellCutOff = 280; //var holding the value where the photocell cuts off
unsigned int photoOutsideOn = 220; //var holding the value which the photocell reading
unsigned int photoOutsideOff = 260;
unsigned int hourOutsideOff = 23;  //var holding the time (full hours) in which the lights have
                                   //to switch off
unsigned int minuteOutsideOff = 30;//var holding the time (minutes) in which the lights
                                   //have to switch off

long int dBed1 = 60000;            //delay time in milliseconds for bedroom 1
long int dBed2 = 60000;            //delay time in milliseconds for bedroom 2
long int dBed3 = 60000;            //delay time in milliseconds for bedroom 3
long int dLiving = 300000;         //delay time in milliseconds for living area
long int dBath1 = 180000;          //delay time in milliseconds for bathroom 1
long int dBath2 = 180000;          //delay time in milliseconds for bathroom 2
long int dBath3 = 180000;          //delay time in milliseconds for bathroom 3
long int dBath4 = 180000;          //delay time in milliseconds for bathroom 4
long int dKitchen = 120000;        //delay time in milliseconds for kitchen
long int dCorridor = 60000;        //delay time in milliseconds for corridor
long int dAC1 = 120000;            //delay time in milliseconds for AC 1 (bed1)
long int dAC2 = 120000;            //delay time in milliseconds for AC 2 (bed2)
long int dAC3 = 120000;            //delay time in milliseconds for AC 3 (bed3)
long int dAC4 = 120000;            //delay time in milliseconds for AC 4 (living)
long int dMaster = 240000;         //delay time in milliseconds for Master Off

unsigned int hourAc1On = 18;
unsigned int minuteAc1On = 0;
unsigned int hourAc1Off = 24;
unsigned int minuteAc1Off = 0;

//////////////////////holliday timer settings//////////////////////

////////////Room 1 (Bed 1) ///////////
byte room1MActive = 1;                     //Set to 1 if you want to process
                                           //Timer will be ignored when set to 0
unsigned int room1OnM[2] = {5, 35};        //Time to switch on the lights 5
unsigned int room1OffM[2] = {6, 5};       //Time to switch off the lights 6

byte room1O1Active = 1;                     //Set to 1 if you want to process
                                           //Timer will be ignored when set to 0
unsigned int room1On1[2] = {19, 35};        //Time to switch on the lights
unsigned int room1Off1[2] = {20, 15};       //Time to switch off the lights

byte room102Active = 1;                     //Set to 1 if you want to process
                                           //Timer will be ignored when set to 0
unsigned int room1On2[2] = {21, 5};        //Time to switch on the ;ights
unsigned int room1Off2[2] = {21, 15};       //Time to switch off the lights

////////////Room 2 (Bed 2) ///////////
byte room2MActive = 1;                     //Set to 1 if you want to process
                                           //Timer will be ignored when set to 0
unsigned int room2OnM[2] = {6, 30};         //Time to switch on the lights
unsigned int room2OffM[2] = {6, 50};        //Time to switch off the lights

byte room201Active = 1;                     //Set to 1 if you want to process
                                           //Timer will be ignored when set to 0
unsigned int room2On1[2] = {19, 30};        //Time to switch on the lights
unsigned int room2Off1[2] = {20, 10};       //Time to switch off the lights

////////////Room 3 (Bed 3) ///////////
byte room3MActive = 1;                     //Set to 1 if you want to process
                                           //Timer will be ignored when set to 0
unsigned int room3OnM[2] = {5, 50};        //time to switch on the lights
unsigned int room3OffM[2] = {6, 20};       //time to switch off the lights

byte room301Active = 1;                     //Set to 1 if you want to process
                                           //Timer will be ignored when set to 0
unsigned int room3On1[2] = {18, 10};        //time to switch on the lights
unsigned int room3Off1[2] = {18, 25};       //time to switch off the lights

byte room302Active = 1;                     //Set to 1 if you want to process
                                           //Timer will be ignored when set to 0
unsigned int room3On2[2] = {19, 15};        //Time to switch on the lights
unsigned int room3Off2[2] = {19, 40};       //Time to switch off the lights

byte room303Active = 1;                     //Set to 1 if you want to process
                                           //Timer will be ignored when set to 0
unsigned int room3On3[2] = {23, 20};        //Time to switch on the lights
unsigned int room3Off3[2] = {23, 35};       //Time to switch off the lights

///////////Room 4 {Living)
byte room401Active = 1;                     //Set to 1 if you want to process
                                           //Timer will be ignored when set to 0
unsigned int room4On[2] = {17, 30};         //Time to switch on the lights
unsigned int room4Off[2] = {23, 30};        //Time to switch off the lights

//////////Room 5 (bath 1)//////////
byte room5MActive = 1;                     //Set to 1 if you want to process
                                           //Timer will be ignored when set to 0
unsigned int room5OnM[2] = {5, 40};         //Time to switch on the lights
unsigned int room5OffM[2] = {5, 45};        //Time to switch off the lights

byte room501Active = 1;                     //Set to 1 if you want to process
                                           //Timer will be ignored when set to 0
unsigned int room5On[2] = {19, 55};         //Time to switch on the lights
unsigned int room5Off[2] = {20, 10};        //Time to switch off the lights

//////////Room 6 (bath 2)//////////
byte room6MActive = 1;                     //Set to 1 if you want to process
                                           //Timer will be ignored when set to 0
unsigned int room6OnM[2] = {6, 35};         //Time to switch on the lights
unsigned int room6OffM[2] = {6, 45};        //Time to switch off the lights

byte room601Active = 1;                     //Set to 1 if you want to process
                                           //Timer will be ignored when set to 0
unsigned int room6On[2] = {19, 50};         //Time to switch on the lights
unsigned int room6Off[2] = {20, 05};        //Time to switch off the lights

//////////Room 7 (bath 3)//////////
byte room7MActive = 1;                     //Set to 1 if you want to process
                                           //Timer will be ignored when set to 0
unsigned int room7OnM[2] = {6, 5};         //Time to switch on the lights
unsigned int room7OffM[2] = {6, 25};        //Time to switch off the lights

byte room701Active = 1;                     //Set to 1 if you want to process
                                           //Timer will be ignored when set to 0
unsigned int room7On[2] = {22, 50};         //Time to switch on the lights
unsigned int room7Off[2] = {23, 15};        //Time to switch off the lights

//////////Room 8 (bath 4)//////////
byte room8MActive = 1;                     //Set to 1 if you want to process
                                           //Timer will be ignored when set to 0
unsigned int room8On[2] = {22, 5};         //Time to switch on the lights
unsigned int room8Off[2] = {22, 20};       //Time to switch off the lights

//////////Room 9 (Kitchen)//////////
byte room9MActive = 1;                     //Set to 1 if you want to process
                                           //Timer will be ignored when set to 0
unsigned int room9OnM[2] = {5, 50};         //Time to switch on the lights
unsigned int room9OffM[2] = {6, 45};        //Time to switch off the lights

byte room901Active = 1;                     //Set to 1 if you want to process
                                            //Timer will be ignored when set to 0
unsigned int room9On[2] = {17, 45};         //Time to switch on the lights
unsigned int room9Off[2] = {18, 30};        //Time to switch off the lights
////////////////////////////DO NOT MODIVY BELOW HERE///////////////////////////////////////

//////////defining Arduino Pins/////////////////
const int latchPin = 2;        //5latch pin input connected to
                               //Arduino digital pin 2
const int clockPin = 3;        //6clock pin input connected to
                               //Arduino digital pin 3
const int dataPin = 4;         //7data pin input connected to
                               //Arduino digital pin 4
                             
const int latchPinOut = 5;     //2latch pin output shift register
                               //74HC595 connected to Arduino
                               //digital pin 5
const int clockPinOut = 6;     //3clock pin output shift register
                               //74HC595 connected to Arduino
                               //digital pin 6
const int dataPinOut = 7;      //4data pin output shift register
                               //74HC595 connected to Arduino
                               //digital pin 7

//////////Variables to hold the data for each shift register//////////

byte switchVar1 = 0;           //data for input shift register 1
byte switchVar2 = 0;           //data for input shift register 2
byte switchVar3 = 0;           //data for input shift register 3

////////////////all the other variables///////////////////////////
unsigned long delayTime[16] = {dBed1, dBed2, dBed3, dLiving, dBath1, dBath2, dBath3,
                               dBath4, dKitchen, dCorridor, dAC1, dAC2, dAC3, dAC4,
                               dMaster, 0};
                             
int lightSensor = A0;                         //defining the input for the photocell
int sensorValue = 0;                          //holding the indicated sensor value of the photocell
unsigned long outputL = 0;                    //variable holding the output data
byte mainOff = 1;                             //variable for master relay control
unsigned long offTime = 0;                    //var needed to calculate delay for master off
byte masterSwitchStateOld = 0;                //var holding the previous door switch state
int doorMonitor = 8;                         //Arduino pin for a monitor LED
unsigned int switchState[25] = {0};           //array holding the state of each switch
unsigned  long lightOutput[17] = {0};         //array holding a integer which converted to binary
                                              //will trigger the relay to switch in our output code
unsigned int lightStatus[17] = {0};           //array holding the switch status of each room on/off
unsigned long roomTimer[17] = {0};            //array holding the time when the PIR was last activated
unsigned int priorityStatus[17] = {0};        //array holding the priority status of each room on/off
unsigned long currentTime = 0;                //var to hold a reference time to calculate the up time
                                              //against the preprogrammed delay time
unsigned long endTime = 0;                    //var to hold a temp result to calculate the up time
                                              //against the preprogrammed delay time
int maintenancePin = 0;                       //defining the var for the maintenance switch
int maintenanceActive = 0;                    //holding the switch state

unsigned int switchState1Old = 0;            //var to check if the switch state has changed
unsigned int switchState3Old = 0;            //var to check if the switch state has changed
unsigned int switchState5Old = 0;            //var to check if the switch state has changed
unsigned int switchState7Old = 0;            //var to check if the switch state has changed

unsigned int outsideOnTime = 0;              //checking result if the time is within
                                             //on or off time limits

byte room1Lights = 0;
byte room2Lights = 0;
byte room3Lights = 0;
byte room4Lights = 0;
byte room5Lights = 0;
byte room6Lights = 0;
byte room7Lights = 0;
byte room8Lights = 0;
byte room9Lights = 0;

byte currentHour = 0;      //var holding the time (hour 0-23)
byte currentMinute = 0;    //var holding the time (minute 0-59)
byte currentDay = 0;       //var holding the date (day 1-31)
byte currentDoM = 0;       //var holding the weekday (Sun - Sa, 1-7)
byte currentMonth = 0;     //var holding the date (month 1-12)
int currentYear = 0;       //var holding the year (based on unix time)

byte lightLevel[17] ={0};  //array holding the switch state
                           //checking timer and photocell (0, 1)
byte photocellSwitch = 0;  //holding the switch command after
                           //checking sensor readings (0, 1)
byte photocellSwitchOld = 0; //switch command from the previous pass

//Array holding the day names to replace the weekday index
char* days[7] = {"Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday",
                 "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday"};


void setup() {
   //////////////Start Serial for Debugging/////////////////////

   Serial.begin(9600);
   
     //////////////////defining pin modes////////////////////
 
   pinMode(doorMonitor, OUTPUT);        //setting the LED pin to output

   pinMode(latchPin, OUTPUT);        //setting the latch pin to output
   pinMode(clockPin, OUTPUT);        //setting the clock pin to output
   pinMode(dataPin, INPUT);        //setting the data pin to input
 
   pinMode(latchPinOut, OUTPUT);
   pinMode(clockPinOut, OUTPUT);
   pinMode(dataPinOut, OUTPUT);
 
}

void loop() {

  ///////////////////reading the timer/////////////////////////
 
   //////////////////////////////////////getting the input//////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
 
   //Serial.print("switchVar1 first: ");
   //Serial.println(switchVar1, BIN);
   //Serial.print("switchVar2 first: ");
   //Serial.println(switchVar2, BIN);
   //Serial.print("switchVar3 first: ");
   //Serial.println(switchVar3, BIN);
 
   //pulse the latch pin, set to high to collect serial data
   digitalWrite(latchPin, HIGH);
   //give it chance to collect the data
   delayMicroseconds(25);
   //set latch pin to low to transmit data serially
   digitalWrite(latchPin, LOW);

   //while in serial mode, collect data into a byte
   switchVar1 = shiftIn(dataPin, clockPin);
   switchVar2 = shiftIn(dataPin, clockPin);
   switchVar3 = shiftIn(dataPin, clockPin);
 
   /////////////do something with the collected Data/////////////////////
   //checks for debugging
   //Serial.println();                       //debug only
   //Serial.print("Switch variable 1: ");    //debug only
   //Serial.println(switchVar1, BIN);        //debug only
   //Serial.println("-------------------");  //debug only
   //Serial.println();                       //debug only
   //Serial.print("Switch variable 2: ");    //debug only
   //Serial.println(switchVar2, BIN);        //debug only
   //Serial.println("-------------------");  //debug only
   //Serial.println();                       //debug only
   //Serial.print("Switch variable 3: ");    //debug only
   //Serial.println(switchVar3, BIN);        //debug only
   //Serial.println("-------------------");  //debug only
 
   ////////////loop through the 8 input pins to check their status////////////
   for(int n=0; n<=7; n++){

      //shift register 1
      if(switchVar1 & (1 << 0)) {                     //checking S1
         //Serial.println("Switch 1 was activated.");   //debug only
         switchState[0] = 1;
      }
      else {
         switchState[0] = 0;
      }

      if(switchVar1 & (1 << 1)) {                     //checking S2
         //Serial.println("Switch 2 was activated.");   //debug only
         switchState[1] = 1;
      }
      else {
         switchState[1] = 0;
      }
 
      if(switchVar1 & (1 << 2)) {                     //checking S3
         //Serial.println("Switch 3 was activated.");   //debug only
         switchState[2] = 1;
      }
      else {
         switchState[2] = 0;
      }

      if(switchVar1 & (1 << 3)) {                     //checking S4
         //Serial.println("Switch 4 was activated.");   //debug only
         switchState[3] = 1;
      }
      else {
         switchState[3] = 0;
      }

      if(switchVar1 & (1 << 4)) {                     //checking S8
         //Serial.println("Switch 8 was activated.");   //debug only
         switchState[7] = 1;
      }
      else {
         switchState[7] = 0;
      }

      if(switchVar1 & (1 << 5)) {                     //checking S7
         //Serial.println("Switch 7 was activated.");   //debug only
         switchState[6] = 1;
      }
      else {
         switchState[6] = 0;
      }

      if(switchVar1 & (1 << 6)) {                     //checking S6
         //Serial.println("Switch 6 was activated.");   //debug only
         switchState[5] = 1;
      }
      else {
         switchState[5] = 0;
      }

      if(switchVar1 & (1 << 7)) {                     //checking S5
         //Serial.println("Switch 5 was activated.");   //debug only
         switchState[4] = 1;
      }
      else {
         switchState[4] = 0;
      }

      //shift register 2

      if(switchVar2 & (1)) {                          //checking S9
         //Serial.println("Switch 9 was activated.");   //debug only
         switchState[8] = 1;
      }
      else {
         switchState[8] = 0;
      }

      if(switchVar2 & (1 << 1)) {                      //checking S10
         //Serial.println("Switch 10 was activated.");   //debug only
         switchState[9] = 1;
      }
      else {
         switchState[9] = 0;
      }

      if(switchVar2 & (1 << 2)) {                    //checking S11
         //Serial.println("Switch 11 was activated.");   //debug only
         switchState[10] = 1;
      }
      else {
         switchState[10] = 0;
      }

      if(switchVar2 & (1 << 3)) {                   //checking S12
         //Serial.println("Switch 12 was activated.");   //debug only
         switchState[11] = 1;
      }
      else {
         switchState[11] = 0;
      }

      if(switchVar2 & (1 << 4)) {                      //checking S16
         //Serial.println("Switch 16 was activated.");   //debug only
         switchState[15] = 1;
      }
      else {
         switchState[15] = 0;
      }

      if(switchVar2 & (1 << 5)) {                      //checking S15
         //Serial.println("Switch 15 was activated.");   //debug only
         switchState[14] = 1;
      }
      else {
         switchState[14] = 0;
      }

      if(switchVar2 & (1 << 6)) {                      //checking S14
         //Serial.println("Switch 14 was activated.");   //debug only
         switchState[13] = 1;
      }
      else {
         switchState[13] = 0;
      }

      if(switchVar2 & (1 << 7)) {                      //checking S13
         //Serial.println("Switch 13 was activated.");   //debug only
         switchState[12] = 1;
      }
      else {
         switchState[12] = 0;
      }

      //shift register 3

       if(switchVar3 & (1)) {                          //checking S17
         //Serial.println("Switch 17 was activated.");   //debug only
         switchState[16] = 1;
      }
      else {
         switchState[16] = 0;
      }

       if(switchVar3 & (1 << 1)) {                     //checking S18
         //Serial.println("Switch 18 was activated.");   //debug only
         switchState[17] = 1;
      }
      else {
         switchState[17] = 0;
      }
      if(switchVar3 & (1 << 2)) {                     //checking S19
         //Serial.println("Switch 19 was activated.");   //debug only
         switchState[18] = 1;
      }
      else {
         switchState[18] = 0;
      }
    
      if(switchVar3 & (1 << 3)) {                     //checking S20
         //Serial.println("Switch 20 was activated.");   //debug only
         maintenancePin = 1;
      }
      else {
         maintenancePin = 0;
      }
    
      if(switchVar3 & (1 << 4)) {                     //checking S20
         //Serial.println("Switch 20 was activated.");   //debug only
         switchState[20] = 1;
      }
      else {
         switchState[20] = 0;
      }
   }
 
 
   //////////////////checking the light status//////////////////////
  if(analogRead(lightSensor) > 0 &&
     analogRead(lightSensor) < 1024){ //checking if the reading
                                      //is within the sensor limits
    int reading[10] = {0};            //declaring a local var to hold
                                      //the readings
     for(int i=0; i<10; i++){         //take 10 readings
      reading[i] += analogRead(lightSensor);
    }
    //average the readings
    sensorValue = (reading[0] + reading[1] + reading[2] + reading[3] +
                   reading[4] + reading[5] + reading[6] + reading[7] +
                   reading[8] + reading[9]) / 10;
  }
  else {
    sensorValue = 0; //if something goes wrong switch on the lights anyway
  }
 
  Serial.print("Sensor value: ");
  Serial.println(sensorValue);
 
   //////////////////processing the input/////////////////////
  Serial.print("Light level room 1: ");
  Serial.println(lightLevel[0]);
  Serial.print("Light level room 4: ");
  Serial.println(lightLevel[3]);
  photocellSwitch = getSensorValue(sensorValue, photoCellCutOff,
                                   photoCellCutOn, photocellSwitchOld);
  photocellSwitchOld = photocellSwitch;
  //////////////Holliday lighting/////////////////////////
  
  if(switchState[20] == 1) {       //check if the holliday switch
                                   //is activated
    lightOutput[14] = 0;           //make sure the master  relay is off
    tmElements_t tm;               //initializing RTC
    if(RTC.read(tm)) {             //Reading the clock
      currentHour = tm.Hour;       //passing the time into a var
      currentMinute = tm.Minute;   //passing the time into a var
      currentDay = tm.Wday;        //passing Weekday
                                   //(Mon - Sun eg 1-7) into var
      currentDoM = tm.Day;         //passing day in to var (1-31)
      currentMonth = tm.Month;     //passing month into var (1-12)
      currentYear = tmYearToCalendar(tm.Year); //passing year to var
    }
    Serial.print("Current date: ");
    Serial.print(days[currentDay - 1]);
    Serial.print(", ");
    Serial.print(currentDoM);
    Serial.print("/");
    Serial.print(currentMonth);
    Serial.print("/");
    Serial.println(currentYear);
    Serial.print("Current Time: ");
    Serial.print(currentHour);
    Serial.print(" : ");
    Serial.println(currentMinute);
  
    //Serial.print("Photo cell switch: ");
    //Serial.println(photocellSwitch);
  
    if(photocellSwitch == 1 && currentHour >= 17 && currentHour <= 23) {
      Serial.println("Entered first loop!");
      for(int i=0; i<9; i++){
        lightLevel[i] = 1;
      }
      lightLevel[15] = 1;
    }
    else if(photocellSwitch == 1 && currentHour >= 0 && currentHour <= 8){
      //Serial.println("Entered second loop!");
      for(int i=0; i<9; i++){
        lightLevel[i] = 1;
      }
      lightLevel[15] = 1;
    }
    else if(photocellSwitch == 0 && currentHour >= 5 && currentHour <= 8){
      //Serial.println("Entered third loop!");
      for(int c=0; c<17; c++){
        lightLevel[c] = 0;
      }
    }
    //Serial.print("Light level room 1 after: ");
    //Serial.println(lightLevel[0]);
    //Serial.print("photocell switch: ");
    //Serial.println(photocellSwitch);
    //Serial.print("Light level room 3 after: ");
    //Serial.println(lightLevel[2]);
    //Serial.print("Light level room 4 after: ");
    //Serial.println(lightLevel[3]);
    ///////Room 1 (Bed 1) /////////////
    if(room1MActive == 1 && currentHour >= room1OnM[0] &&
       currentHour <= (room1OffM[0] + 1)){ //checking if we came passed
                                           //the hour where the lights
                                           //to be switched on
                                  
      //checking the times                            
      room1Lights = checkOnTime(room1OnM[0], room1OnM[1],
                                room1OffM[0], room1OffM[1]);
    }
  
  
    if(room1O1Active == 1 && currentHour >= room1On1[0] &&
       currentHour <= (room1Off1[0] +1)){ //checking if we came passed
                                          //the hour where the lights
                                          //to be switched on
                                  
      //checking the times                            
      room1Lights = checkOnTime(room1On1[0], room1On1[1],
                                room1Off1[0], room1Off1[1]);
    }
      

    if(room102Active == 1 && currentHour >= room1On2[0] &&
       currentHour <= (room1Off2[0] + 1)){ //checking if we came passed
                                           //the hour where the lights
                                           //to be switched on
    //checking the times                               
      room1Lights = checkOnTime(room1On2[0], room1On2[1],
                                room1Off2[0], room1Off2[1]);
    }
  
    if(room1Lights == 1 && lightLevel[0] == 1){   //if with in the on time
      lightOutput[0] =1;            //switch on the lights
    }
    else {
      lightOutput[0] = 0;           //other keep them off
      lightLevel[0] = 0;
    }
  
    ////////Room 2 (Bed 2)//////////////
    if(room2MActive ==1 && currentHour >= room2OnM[0]
       && currentHour <= (room2OffM[0] + 1)){
      room2Lights = checkOnTime(room2OnM[0], room2OnM[1],
                    room2OffM[0], room2OffM[1]);
    }
  
    if(room201Active == 1 && currentHour >= room2On1[0] &&
       currentHour <= (room2Off1[0] + 1)){
      room2Lights = checkOnTime(room2On1[0], room2On1[1],
                    room2Off1[0], room2Off1[1]);
    }
  
    if(room2Lights == 1 && lightLevel[1] == 1){
      lightOutput[1] = 2;
    }
    else {
      lightOutput[1] = 0;
      lightLevel[1] =0;
    }
  
    ////////Room 3 (Bed 3) ////////////
    if(room3MActive == 1 && currentHour >= room3OnM[0] &&
    currentHour <= (room3OffM[0] + 1)){
      room3Lights = checkOnTime(room3OnM[0], room3OnM[1],
      room3OffM[0], room3OffM[1]);
    }
  
    if(room301Active == 1 && currentHour >= room3On1[0] &&
       currentHour <= (room3Off1[0] + 1)){
      room3Lights = checkOnTime(room3On1[0], room3On1[1],
      room3Off1[0], room3Off1[1]);
    }
  
    if(room302Active == 1 && currentHour >= room3On2[0] &&
    currentHour <= (room3Off2[0] + 1)){
      room3Lights = checkOnTime(room3On2[0], room3On2[1],
      room3Off2[0], room3Off2[1]);
    }
  
    if(room3Lights == 1 && lightLevel[2] == 1){
      lightOutput[2] = 4;
    }
    else {
      lightOutput[2] = 0;
      lightLevel[2] = 0;
    }
  
    ////////Room 4 (living)/////////////////////
    if(room401Active == 1 && currentHour >= room4On[0] &&
       currentHour <= (room4Off[0] + 1)){
      room4Lights = checkOnTime(room4On[0], room4On[1],
                    room4Off[0], room4Off[1]);
    }
  
    if(room4Lights == 1 && lightLevel[3] == 1){
      lightOutput[3] = 8;
    }
    else {
      lightOutput[3] = 0;
      lightLevel[3] = 0;
    }
  
    ////////Room 5 (Bath 1)/////////////////////
    if(room5MActive == 1 && currentHour >= room5OnM[0] &&
       currentHour <= (room5OffM[0] + 1)){
      room5Lights = checkOnTime(room5OnM[0], room5OnM[1], room5OffM[0], room5OffM[1]);
    }
      
    if(room501Active == 1 && currentHour >= room5On[0] &&
       currentHour <= (room5Off[0] + 1)){
      room5Lights = checkOnTime(room5On[0], room5On[1], room5Off[0], room5Off[1]);
    }
  
    if(room5Lights == 1 && lightLevel[4] == 1){
      lightOutput[4] = 16;
    }
    else {
      lightOutput[4] = 0;
      lightLevel[4] =0;
    }
  
    ////////Room 6 (Bath 2)/////////////////////
    if(room6MActive ==1 && currentHour >= room6OnM[0] &&
       currentHour <= (room6OffM[0] + 1)){
      room6Lights = checkOnTime(room6OnM[0], room6OnM[1],
                                room6OffM[0], room6OffM[1]);
    }
  
    if(room601Active == 1 && currentHour >= room6On[0] &&
       currentHour <= (room6Off[0] + 1)){
      room6Lights = checkOnTime(room6On[0], room6On[1],
                                room6Off[0], room6Off[1]);
    }
  
    if(room6Lights == 1 && lightLevel[5] == 1){
      lightOutput[5] = 32;
    }
    else {
      lightOutput[5] = 0;
      lightLevel[5] = 0;
    }
  
    ////////Room 7 (Bath 3)/////////////////////
    if(room7MActive == 1 && currentHour >= room7OnM[0] &&
       currentHour <= (room7OffM[0])){
      room7Lights = checkOnTime(room7OnM[0], room7OnM[1],
                                room7OffM[0], room7OffM[1]);
    }
  
    if(room701Active == 1 && currentHour >= room7On[0] &&
       currentHour <= (room7Off[0])){
      room7Lights = checkOnTime(room7On[0], room7On[1],
                                room7Off[0], room7Off[1]);
    }
  
    if(room7Lights == 1 && lightLevel[6] == 1){
      lightOutput[6] = 64;
    }
    else {
      lightOutput[6] = 0;
      lightLevel[6] = 0;
    }
  
    ////////Room 8 (Bath 4)/////////////////////
    if(room8MActive == 1 && currentHour >= room8On[0] &&
       currentHour <= (room8Off[0] + 1)){
      room8Lights = checkOnTime(room8On[0], room8On[1],
                                room8Off[0], room8Off[1]);
    }
  
    if(room8Lights == 1 && lightLevel[7] == 1){
      lightOutput[7] = 128;
    }
    else {
      lightOutput[7] = 0;
      lightLevel[7] = 0;
    }
  
    ////////Room 9 (kitchen)/////////////////////
    if(room9MActive == 1 && currentHour >= room9OnM[0] &&
       currentHour <= room9OffM[0] + 1){
      room9Lights = checkOnTime(room9OnM[0], room9OnM[1],
                                room9OffM[0], room9OffM[1]);
    }
    if(room901Active == 1 && currentHour >= room9On[0] && currentHour <= (room9Off[0] + 1)){
      room9Lights = checkOnTime(room9On[0], room9On[1],
                                room9Off[0], room9Off[1]);
    }
  
    if(room9Lights == 1 && lightLevel[8] == 1){
      lightOutput[8] = 256;
    }
    else {
      lightOutput[8] = 0;
      lightLevel[8] = 0;
    }
    
      ////////Outside lights////////////////////
     outsideOnTime = checkOnTime(17, 02, hourOutsideOff,
                                  minuteOutsideOff);    //function call to check time
   
     Serial.print("Timer: ");                          //debug only
     Serial.println(outsideOnTime);                    //debug only
     /*if(sensorValue <= photoOutsideOn |
        sensorValue < (photoOutsideOn + 50)            //checking if light is
                                                       //within photocell readings
        && outsideOnTime == 1){
       lightOutput[15] = 32768;                        //switching on the lights
     }
     else {
       lightOutput[15] = 0;                            //no matches, they switch off
     }*/
   
     if(outsideOnTime == 1 && lightLevel[15] == 1){
       lightOutput[15] = 32768;
     }
     else {
       lightOutput[15] = 0;
       lightLevel[15] = 0;
     }

  }
  else {
    
     ////////Outside lights////////////////////
     outsideOnTime = checkOnTime(17, 02, hourOutsideOff,
                                 minuteOutsideOff);    //function call to check time
     Serial.print("Timer: ");                          //debug only
     Serial.println(outsideOnTime);                    //debug only
     if(sensorValue <= photoOutsideOn |
        sensorValue < (photoOutsideOn + 50)            //checking if light is
                                                       //within photocell readings
        && outsideOnTime == 1){
       lightOutput[15] = 32768;                        //switching on the lights
     }
     else {
       lightOutput[15] = 0;                            //no matches, they switch off
     }
     
     //////////////////room lights//////////////////////////////
   
      if(switchState[0] == 1 && lightStatus[16] == 1) {            //checking if PIR in Room 1 was
                                                                   //activated (bed 1)
         lightStatus[16] = 0;                                      //resetting master off
         digitalWrite(doorMonitor, LOW);                           //resetting the door Monitor LED
      }
   
      if(switchState[1] == 0 && sensorValue <= photoCellCutOff) {  //checking if S2 priority off was
                                                                   //set bed 1
        if(switchState[0] == 1 && priorityStatus[0] == 0) {        //check if the PIR in bed 1 was
                                                                   //activated and no priority was set
           //Serial.println("We switch in the lights in bedroom 1");  //Debug only
           lightOutput[0] = 1;                                     //switching on the lights – binary
                                                                   //000000000000000000000001
           lightStatus[0] = 1;                                     //setting the light status for bed 1
           lightOutput[14] = 16384;                                //make sure the master relay
                                                                   //stays on
           lightStatus[14] = 1;                                    //setting the master yelay status
           roomTimer[0] = millis();                                //setting the timer
        }
        else if(switchState[0]  == 0 && lightStatus[0] == 1) {     //the PIR not activated but the
                                                                   //lights are on
           //Serial.println("We are checking the timer");            //Debug only
           currentTime = millis();                                 //setting time reference
           endTime = currentTime - roomTimer[0];                   //calculating the inactive time
           if(endTime >= delayTime[0]) {                           //comparing inactive time with
                                                                   //allowed delay time
              //Serial.println("Time is up switching off the lights");  //Debug only
              lightOutput[0] = 0;                                  //switching off the lights
              lightStatus[0] = 0;                                  //resetting the light status
              roomTimer[0] = 0;                                    //resetting the room timer
           }
        }
     }
     else if(switchState[1] == 1 && lightStatus[0] == 1
             && switchState1Old != 1) {                            //if priority is activated and the
                                                                   //lights are on
        //Serial.println("Priority switch activated switching off the lights");  //Debug only
        lightOutput[0] = 0;                                        //switching off the lights
        lightStatus[0] = 0;                                        //resetting the light status
        roomTimer[0] = 0;                                          //resetting the room timer
        priorityStatus[0] = 1;                                     //setting the priority status bed 1
     }
     else if(switchState[1] == 1 && lightStatus[0] == 0
             && switchState1Old != 1) {                               //if priority was activated and the
                                                                   //lights are off
        //Serial.println("Priority switch deactivated switching on the lights");    //Debug only
        lightOutput[0] =1;                                         //switching on the lights
        lightStatus[0] = 1;                                        //setting the light status
        roomTimer[0] = millis();                                   //setting the room timer
        priorityStatus[0] = 0;                                     //setting the priority for bed 1 back                                                                  //to 0
     }
     switchState1Old = switchState[1];                             //passing on the switch state
   
   
     if(switchState[2] == 1 && lightStatus[16] == 1) {            //checking if PIR in Room 2 was
                                                                   //activated (bed 2)
        lightStatus[14] = 0;                                      //resetting master off
        digitalWrite(doorMonitor, LOW);                           //resetting the door Monitor LED
     }
   
     if(switchState[3] == 0 && sensorValue <= photoCellCutOff){    //checking if S4 priority off was
                                                                   //set bed 2
      if(switchState[2] == 1 && priorityStatus[1] == 0){           //check if the PIR in bed 2 was
                                                                   //activated (S3)
        //Serial.println("We switch on the lights");                 //debug only
        lightOutput[1] = 2;                                        //switch on the lights
                                                                   //Binary 0000000000000010
        lightStatus[1] = 1;                                        //setting the light status
        lightOutput[14] = 16384;                                   //make sure the master relay
                                                                   //stays on
        lightStatus[14] = 1;                                       //setting the master yelay status
        roomTimer[1] = millis();                                   //setting the timer
      }
      else if(switchState[2] == 0 && lightStatus[1] == 1) {       //the PIR not activated but the
                                                                  //the lights are on
        //Serial.println("We are checking the timer");              //debug only
        currentTime = millis();                                   //setting time reference
        endTime = currentTime - roomTimer[1];                     //calculating the inactive time
        if(endTime >= delayTime[1]) {                             //comparing inactive time with
          //Serial.println("Time is up we switch the lights off");  //debug only
          lightOutput[1] = 0;                                     //switching off the lights
          lightStatus[1] = 0;                                     //resetting the light status
          roomTimer[1] = 0;                                       //resetting the room timer
        }
      }
    }
    else if(switchState[3] == 1 && lightStatus[1] == 1
            && switchState3Old != 1) {                            //if priority is activated and the
                                                                  //lights are on
      //Serial.println("Priority switch activated, switching off the lights");  //debug only
      lightOutput[1] = 0;                                         //switching off the lights
      lightStatus[1] = 0;                                         //resetting the light status
      roomTimer[1] = 0;                                           //resetting the room timer
      priorityStatus[1] = 1;                                      //setting the priority status for
                                                                  //bed 2
    }
    else if(switchState[3] == 1 && lightStatus[1] == 0
            && switchState3Old != 1) {                            //if priority is activated and the
                                                                  //lights are off
      //Serial.println("Priority switch off, switching the light back to normal"); //debug only
      lightOutput[1] = 2;                                         //switching ion the lights
      lightStatus[1] = 1;                                         //setting the light status
      roomTimer[1] = millis();                                    //setting the room timer
      priorityStatus[1] = 0;                                      //resetting the priority status
    }
    switchState3Old = switchState[3];
  
  
    if(switchState[4] == 1 && lightStatus[16] == 1) {             //checking if PIR in Room 3 was
                                                                  //activated (bed 3)
        lightStatus[14] = 0;                                      //resetting master off
        digitalWrite(doorMonitor, LOW);                           //resetting the door Monitor LED
     }
  
     if(switchState[5] == 0  && sensorValue <= photoCellCutOff){   //checking if S6 priority off was
                                                                   //set bed 3
      if(switchState[4] == 1 && priorityStatus[2] == 0){           //check if the PIR in bed 3 was
                                                                   //activated (S5)
        //Serial.println("We switch on the lights");                 //debug only
        lightOutput[2] = 4;                                        //switch on the lights
                                                                   //Binary 0000000000000100
        lightStatus[2] = 1;                                        //setting the light status
        lightOutput[14] = 16384;                                   //make sure the master relay
                                                                   //stays on
        lightStatus[14] = 1;                                       //setting the master yelay status
        roomTimer[2] = millis();                                   //setting the timer
      }
      else if(switchState[4] == 0 && lightStatus[2] == 1) {       //the PIR not activated but the
                                                                  //the lights are on
        //Serial.println("We are checking the timer");              //debug only
        currentTime = millis();                                   //setting time reference
        endTime = currentTime - roomTimer[2];                     //calculating the inactive time
        if(endTime >= delayTime[2]) {                             //comparing inactive time with
          //Serial.println("Time is up we switch the lights off");  //debug only
          lightOutput[2] = 0;                                     //switching off the lights
          lightStatus[2] = 0;                                     //resetting the light status
          roomTimer[2] = 0;                                       //resetting the room timer
        }
      }
    }
    else if(switchState[5] == 1 && lightStatus[2] == 1
            && switchState5Old != 1) {                            //if priority is activated and the
                                                                  //lights are on
      //Serial.println("Priority switch activated, switching off the lights");  //debug only
      lightOutput[2] = 0;                                         //switching off the lights
      lightStatus[2] = 0;                                         //resetting the light status
      roomTimer[2] = 0;                                           //resetting the room timer
      priorityStatus[2] = 1;                                      //setting the priority status for
                                                                  //bed 3
    }
    else if(switchState[5] == 1 && lightStatus[2] == 0
            && switchState5Old != 1) {                            //if priority is activated and the
                                                                  //lights are off
      //Serial.println("Priority switch off, switching the light back to normal"); //debug only
      lightOutput[2] = 4;                                         //switching ion the lights
      lightStatus[2] = 1;                                         //setting the light status
      roomTimer[2] = millis();                                    //setting the room timer
      priorityStatus[2] = 0;                                      //resetting the priority status
    }
    switchState5Old = switchState[5];
  
  
    if(switchState[6] == 1 && lightStatus[16] == 1) {             //checking if PIR in Room 4 was
                                                                  //activated (living)
        lightStatus[16] = 0;                                      //resetting master off
        digitalWrite(doorMonitor, LOW);                           //resetting the door Monitor LED
     }
 
     if(switchState[7] == 0  && sensorValue <= photoCellCutOff){   //checking if S8 priority off was
                                                                   //set living
      if(switchState[6] == 1 && priorityStatus[3] == 0){           //check if the PIR in living was
                                                                   //activated (S7)
        //Serial.println("We switch on the lights");                 //debug only
        lightOutput[3] = 8;                                        //switch on the lights
                                                                   //Binary 0000000000001000
        lightStatus[3] = 1;                                        //setting the light status
        lightOutput[14] = 16384;                                   //make sure the master relay
                                                                   //stays on
        lightStatus[14] = 1;                                       //setting the master yelay status
        roomTimer[3] = millis();                                   //setting the timer
      }
      else if(switchState[6] == 0 && lightStatus[3] == 1) {       //the PIR not activated but the
                                                                  //the lights are on
        //Serial.println("We are checking the timer");              //debug only
        currentTime = millis();                                   //setting time reference
        endTime = currentTime - roomTimer[3];                     //calculating the inactive time
        if(endTime >= delayTime[3]) {                             //comparing inactive time with
                                                                  //delay time
          //Serial.println("Time is up we switch the lights off");  //debug only
          lightOutput[3] = 0;                                     //switching off the lights
          lightStatus[3] = 0;                                     //resetting the light status
          roomTimer[3] = 0;                                       //resetting the room timer
        }
      }
    }
    else if(switchState[7] == 1 && lightStatus[3] == 1
            && switchState7Old != 1) {                            //if priority is activated and the
                                                                  //lights are on
      //Serial.println("Priority switch activated, switching off the lights");  //debug only
      lightOutput[3] = 0;                                         //switching off the lights
      lightStatus[3] = 0;                                         //resetting the light status
      roomTimer[3] = 0;                                           //resetting the room timer
      priorityStatus[3] = 1;                                      //setting the priority status for
                                                                  //living
    }
    else if(switchState[7] == 1 && lightStatus[3] == 0
            && switchState7Old != 1) {                            //if priority is activated and the
                                                                  //lights are off
      //Serial.println("Priority switch off, switching the light back to normal"); //debug only
      lightOutput[3] = 8;                                         //switching on the lights
      lightStatus[3] = 1;                                         //setting the light status
      roomTimer[3] = millis();                                    //setting the room timer
      priorityStatus[3] = 0;                                      //resetting the priority status
    }
    switchState7Old = switchState[7];
  
  
    if(switchState[8] == 1 && lightStatus[16] == 1) {            //checking if PIR in Room 5 was
                                                                   //activated (bath 1)
        lightStatus[16] = 0;                                      //resetting master off
        digitalWrite(doorMonitor, LOW);                           //resetting the door Monitor LED
   }
 
   if(switchState[8] == 1) {                                     //checking S9 PIR of bathroom 1
                                                                 //(room 5)
      //Serial.println("We switch on the lights");                 //Debug only
      lightOutput[4] = 16;                                       //switching on the lights
      lightStatus[4] = 1;                                        //setting the light status
      lightOutput[14] = 16384;                                   //make sure the master relay
                                                                 //stays on
      lightStatus[14] = 1;                                       //setting the master yelay status
      roomTimer[4] = millis();                                   //setting the room timer
    }
    else if(switchState[8] == 0 && lightStatus[4] == 1) {       //if no PIR was activated and
                                                                //the lights are on
      //Serial.println("We are checking the timer");              //Debug only
      currentTime = millis();                                   //setting time reference
      endTime = currentTime - roomTimer[4];                     //calculating the inactive time
      if(endTime >= delayTime[4]) {                             //comparing inactive time with
                                                                //delay time
        //Serial.println("We are switching off the lights");      //debug only
        lightOutput[4] = 0;                                     //switching off the lights
        lightStatus[4] = 0;                                     //resetting the light status
        roomTimer[4] = 0;                                       //resetting the room timer
      }
    }
  
    if(switchState[9] == 1 && lightStatus[16] == 1) {            //checking if PIR in Room 6 was
                                                                   //activated (bath 2)
        lightStatus[16] = 0;                                      //resetting master off
        digitalWrite(doorMonitor, LOW);                           //resetting the door Monitor LED
     }
  
    if(switchState[9] == 1) {                                    //checking S10 PIR of bathroom 2
                                                                 //(room 6)
      //Serial.println("We switch on the lights");                 //Debug only
      lightOutput[5] = 32;                                       //switching on the lights
      lightStatus[5] = 1;                                        //setting the light status
      lightOutput[14] = 16384;                                   //make sure the master relay
                                                                 //stays on
      lightStatus[14] = 1;                                       //setting the master yelay status
      roomTimer[5] = millis();                                   //setting the room timer
    }
    else if(switchState[9] == 0 && lightStatus[5] == 1) {       //if no PIR was activated and
                                                                //the lights are on
      //Serial.println("We are checking the timer");              //Debug only
      currentTime = millis();                                   //setting time reference
      endTime = currentTime - roomTimer[5];                     //calculating the inactive time
      if(endTime >= delayTime[5]) {                             //comparing inactive time with
                                                                //delay time
        //Serial.println("We are switching off the lights");      //debug only
        lightOutput[5] = 0;                                     //switching off the lights
        lightStatus[5] = 0;                                     //resetting the light status
        roomTimer[5] = 0;                                       //resetting the room timer
      }
    }
  
    if(switchState[10] == 1 && lightStatus[16] == 1) {            //checking if PIR in Room 7 was
                                                                   //activated (bath 3)
        lightStatus[16] = 0;                                      //resetting master off
        digitalWrite(doorMonitor, LOW);                           //resetting the door Monitor LED
     }
  
    if(switchState[10] == 1) {                                    //checking S11 PIR of bathroom 3
                                                                 //(room 7)
      //Serial.println("We switch on the lights");                 //Debug only
      lightOutput[6] = 64;                                       //switching on the lights
      lightStatus[6] = 1;                                        //setting the light status
      lightOutput[14] = 16384;                                   //make sure the master relay
                                                                 //stays on
      lightStatus[14] = 1;                                       //setting the master yelay status
      roomTimer[6] = millis();                                   //setting the room timer
    }
    else if(switchState[10] == 0 && lightStatus[6] == 1) {       //if no PIR was activated and
                                                                //the lights are on
      //Serial.println("We are checking the timer");              //Debug only
      currentTime = millis();                                   //setting time reference
      endTime = currentTime - roomTimer[6];                     //calculating the inactive time
      if(endTime >= delayTime[6]) {                             //comparing inactive time with
                                                                //delay time
        //Serial.println("We are switching off the lights");      //debug only
        lightOutput[6] = 0;                                     //switching off the lights
        lightStatus[6] = 0;                                     //resetting the light status
        roomTimer[6] = 0;                                       //resetting the room timer
      }
    }
 
    if(switchState[11] == 1 && lightStatus[16] == 1) {            //checking if PIR in bath 4 was
                                                                   //activated (room 8)
        lightStatus[16] = 0;                                      //resetting master off
        digitalWrite(doorMonitor, LOW);                           //resetting the door Monitor LED
     }
  
    if(switchState[11] == 1) {                                    //checking S12 PIR of bathroom 4
                                                                 //(room 8)
      //Serial.println("We switch on the lights");                 //Debug only
      lightOutput[7] = 128;                                       //switching on the lights
      lightStatus[7] = 1;                                        //setting the light status
      lightOutput[14] = 16384;                                   //make sure the master relay
                                                                 //stays on
      lightStatus[14] = 1;                                       //setting the master yelay status
      roomTimer[7] = millis();                                   //setting the room timer
    }
    else if(switchState[11] == 0 && lightStatus[7] == 1) {      //if no PIR was activated and
                                                                //the lights are on
      //Serial.println("We are checking the timer");              //Debug only
      currentTime = millis();                                   //setting time reference
      endTime = currentTime - roomTimer[7];                     //calculating the inactive time
      if(endTime >= delayTime[7]) {                             //comparing inactive time with
                                                                //delay time
        //Serial.println("We are switching off the lights");      //debug only
        lightOutput[7] = 0;                                     //switching off the lights
        lightStatus[7] = 0;                                     //resetting the light status
        roomTimer[7] = 0;                                       //resetting the room timer
      }
    }
 
    if(switchState[12] == 1 && lightStatus[16] == 1) {            //checking if PIR in kitchen was
                                                                   //activated (room 9)
        lightStatus[16] = 0;                                      //resetting master off
        digitalWrite(doorMonitor, LOW);                           //resetting the door Monitor LED
     }
  
    if(switchState[12] == 1) {                                   //checking S13 PIR of kitchen
                                                                 //(room 9)
      //Serial.println("We switch on the lights");                 //Debug only
      lightOutput[8] = 256;                                       //switching on the lights
      lightStatus[8] = 1;                                        //setting the light status
      lightOutput[14] = 16384;                                   //make sure the master relay
                                                                 //stays on
      lightStatus[14] = 1;                                       //setting the master yelay status
      roomTimer[8] = millis();                                   //setting the room timer
    }
    else if(switchState[12] == 0 && lightStatus[8] == 1) {      //if no PIR was activated and
                                                                //the lights are on
      //Serial.println("We are checking the timer");              //Debug only
      currentTime = millis();                                   //setting time reference
      endTime = currentTime - roomTimer[8];                     //calculating the inactive time
      if(endTime >= delayTime[8]) {                             //comparing inactive time with
                                                                //delay time
        //Serial.println("We are switching off the lights");      //debug only
        lightOutput[8] = 0;                                     //switching off the lights
        lightStatus[8] = 0;                                     //resetting the light status
        roomTimer[8] = 0;                                       //resetting the room timer
      }
    }
  
    if(switchState[13] == 1 && lightStatus[16] == 1) {            //checking if PIR in corridor was
                                                                   //activated (room 10)
        lightStatus[16] = 0;                                      //resetting master off
        digitalWrite(doorMonitor, LOW);                           //resetting the door Monitor LED
     }
  
    if(switchState[13] == 1) {                                   //checking S14 PIR of Corridor
                                                                 //(room 10)
      //Serial.println("We switch on the lights");                 //Debug only
      lightOutput[9] = 512;                                       //switching on the lights
      lightStatus[9] = 1;                                        //setting the light status
      lightOutput[14] = 16384;                                   //make sure the master relay
                                                                 //stays on
      lightStatus[14] = 1;                                       //setting the master yelay status
      roomTimer[9] = millis();                                   //setting the room timer
    }
    else if(switchState[13] == 0 && lightStatus[9] == 1) {      //if no PIR was activated and
                                                                //the lights are on
      //Serial.println("We are checking the timer");              //Debug only
      currentTime = millis();                                   //setting time reference
      endTime = currentTime - roomTimer[9];                     //calculating the inactive time
      if(endTime >= delayTime[9]) {                             //comparing inactive time with
                                                                //delay time
        //Serial.println("We are switching off the lights");      //debug only
        lightOutput[9] = 0;                                     //switching off the lights
        lightStatus[9] = 0;                                     //resetting the light status
        roomTimer[9] = 0;                                       //resetting the room timer
      }
    }
    
  /////////////////////Ac Read Switches////////////////////////
 
    if(switchState[14] == 1 && lightStatus[14] == 1){              //Checking if readswitches are activated
                                                                 //and the master relay is on AC room 1 (bed1)
      lightOutput[10] = 1024;                                    //providing the ability to
                                                                 //switch on the AC
      lightStatus[10] = 1;                                       //setting the light (AC) status
      roomTimer[10] = millis();                                  //setting the timer
    }
    else if(switchState[14] == 0 && lightStatus[14] == 1){       //if a door is opened and the master
                                                                 //relay is on
      currentTime = millis();                                    //setting time reference
      endTime = currentTime - roomTimer[10];                     //calculating the inactive time
      if(endTime >= delayTime[10]){                              //comparing inactive time with
                                                                 //delay time
        lightOutput[10] = 0;                                     //canceling ability to switch on the
                                                                 //AC
        lightStatus[10] = 0;                                     //resetting the light (AC) status
        roomTimer[10] = 0;                                       //resetting the timer
      }
    }
  
  if(switchState[15] == 1 && lightStatus[14] == 1){              //Checking if readswitches are activated
                                                                 //and the master relay is on AC room 2 (bed2)
      lightOutput[11] = 2048;                                    //providing the ability to
                                                                 //switch on the AC
      lightStatus[11] = 1;                                       //setting the light (AC) status
      roomTimer[11] = millis();                                  //setting the timer
    }
    else if(switchState[15] == 0 && lightStatus[14] == 1){       //if a door is opened and the master
                                                                 //relay is on
      currentTime = millis();                                    //setting time reference
      endTime = currentTime - roomTimer[11];                     //calculating the inactive time
      if(endTime >= delayTime[11]){                              //comparing inactive time with
                                                                 //delay time
        lightOutput[11] = 0;                                     //canceling ability to switch on the
                                                                 //AC
        lightStatus[11] = 0;                                     //resetting the light (AC) status
        roomTimer[11] = 0;                                       //resetting the timer
      }
    }
 
  if(switchState[16] == 1 && lightStatus[14] == 1){              //Checking if readswitches are activated
                                                                 //and the master relay is on AC room 3 (bed3)
      lightOutput[12] = 4096;                                    //providing the ability to
                                                                 //switch on the AC
      lightStatus[12] = 1;                                       //setting the light (AC) status
      roomTimer[12] = millis();                                  //setting the timer
    }
    else if(switchState[16] == 0 && lightStatus[14] == 1){       //if a door is opened and the master
                                                                 //relay is on
      currentTime = millis();                                    //setting time reference
      endTime = currentTime - roomTimer[12];                     //calculating the inactive time
      if(endTime >= delayTime[12]){                              //comparing inactive time with
                                                                 //delay time
        lightOutput[12] = 0;                                     //canceling ability to switch on the
                                                                 //AC
        lightStatus[12] = 0;                                     //resetting the light (AC) status
        roomTimer[12] = 0;                                       //resetting the timer
      }
    }
 
  if(switchState[17] == 1 && lightStatus[14] == 1){              //Checking if readswitches are activated
                                                                 //and the master relay is on AC room 4 living
      lightOutput[13] = 8192;                                    //providing the ability to
                                                                 //switch on the AC
      lightStatus[13] = 1;                                       //setting the light (AC) status
      roomTimer[13] = millis();                                  //setting the timer
    }
    else if(switchState[17] == 0 && lightStatus[14] == 1){       //if a door is opened and the master
                                                                 //relay is on
      currentTime = millis();                                    //setting time reference
      endTime = currentTime - roomTimer[13];                     //calculating the inactive time
      if(endTime >= delayTime[13]){                              //comparing inactive time with
                                                                 //delay time
        lightOutput[13] = 0;                                     //canceling ability to switch on the
                                                                 //AC
        lightStatus[13] = 0;                                     //resetting the light (AC) status
        roomTimer[13] = 0;                                       //resetting the timer
      }
    }
  
      /////////////Door switch control ////////////////////
    //Serial.print("switchState 18 :");
    //Serial.println(switchState[18]);
    //Serial.print("Switch state old: ");
    //Serial.println(masterSwitchStateOld);
    //Serial.print("Light status 16: ");
    //Serial.println(lightStatus[16]);
    
    if(switchState[18] != masterSwitchStateOld) {               //door switch check if the switch state
                                                                //has changed
      //Serial.println("Door switch was activated");              //debug only
      currentTime = millis();                                   //setting time reference
      lightStatus[16] = 1;                                      //setting light status
      digitalWrite(doorMonitor, HIGH);                          //setting the control LED
      for(int i=0; i<17; i++){                                  //looping through the timers
        roomTimer[i] = currentTime;                             //setting the timers
      }
    }
    else if(switchState[18] == masterSwitchStateOld && lightStatus[16] == 1){ //if the switch state
                                                                //has not changed and the lights are on
      //Serial.println("Checking off status");                    //debug only
      currentTime = millis();                                   //setting the time reference
      offTime = roomTimer[16] + delayTime[14];                  //setting the allowed delay time
      //Serial.print("off Time: ");
      //Serial.println(offTime);
      //Serial.print("current Time: ");
      //Serial.println(currentTime);
      if(currentTime >= offTime) {                              //comparing the times
        for(int c=0; c<17; c++) {                               //looping through the circuits
          if(roomTimer[c] != roomTimer[16]) {                   //comparing timers
            mainOff = 1;                                        //setting the switch off all command
            lightStatus[16] = 0;                                //switching off the master relay
          }
          else {
            mainOff = 0;                                        //if the timers match we set the
                                                                //switch off all command to 0
            break;                                              //leaving the loop
          }
        }
      }
      //Serial.print("Main off: ");
      //Serial.println(mainOff);
      if(mainOff == 0) {                                        //master off command is 0
        //Serial.println("switching off everything and reset all"); //debug only
        for(int i=0; i<17; i++) {                               //looping through the circuits
          lightStatus[i] = 0;                                   //resetting all light status
          lightOutput[i] = 0;                                   //switching off all lights
          priorityStatus[i] = 0;                                //resetting all set priorities
          roomTimer[i] = 0;                                     //resetting all room timers
        }
        digitalWrite(doorMonitor, LOW);                         //resetting the control LED
        mainOff = 1;                                            //resetting master off command
      }
    }
    masterSwitchStateOld = switchState[18];                     //setting the switchState to old
  }
  ///////////////////////////Output/////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
  for(int i=0; i<17; i++) {                                //loop through the light output array
    //Serial.print("Light Output ");                        //debug only
    //Serial.print(i);                                      //debug only
    //Serial.print(": ");                                   //debug only
    //Serial.println(lightOutput[i]);                       //debug only
    //Serial.print("Light status: ");                       //debug only
    //Serial.println(lightStatus[i]);                       //debug only
    //Serial.print("Room Timer: ");                         //debug only
    //Serial.println(roomTimer[i]);                         //debug only
    outputL += lightOutput[i];                            //adding up the numbers
  }
 
  if(maintenancePin == 1) {              //if maintenance switch is active
    for(int i=1; i>17; i++){             //loop through all circuits
      lightStatus[i] = 1;                //setting the light status of everything
      roomTimer[i] = millis();           //setting all the room timers
    }
    outputL = 32767;                     //setting the output
                                         //binary 0111111111111111
  }
 
  //Serial.print("Output value: ");
  //Serial.print(outputL);
  //Serial.print("   ");
  //Serial.println(outputL, BIN);
  digitalWrite(latchPinOut, LOW);                   //setting the latch pin to low to
                                                    //be able to send the data
  shiftOut(dataPinOut, clockPinOut, MSBFIRST, (outputL >> 8)); //sending the date for the
                                                               //second shift register
  shiftOut(dataPinOut, clockPinOut, MSBFIRST, outputL);        //sending the data for the
                                                               //first shift register
  digitalWrite(latchPinOut, HIGH);                  //setting the latch pin back to
                                                    //high to finish the data transmission
 
  outputL = 0;                                      //setting the var holding the output
                                                    //number back to 0
  delay(sensitivity);                               //delay to adjust how responsive the
                                                    //system will react
 
}



////////////////Shift In Function for Input processing ////////////

byte shiftIn(int myDataPin, int myClockPin) {
  int i;
  int temp = 0;
  int pinState;
  byte myDataIn = 0;
 
  pinMode(myClockPin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(myDataPin, INPUT);
 
  for(i=7; i>=0; i--) {
    digitalWrite(myClockPin, LOW);
    delayMicroseconds(2);
    temp = digitalRead(myDataPin);
    if(temp) {
      pinState = 1;
      myDataIn = myDataIn | (1 << i);
    }
    else {
      pinState = 0;
    }
    //Serial.print("PinState: ");    //debug only
    //Serial.print(pinState);        //debug only
    //Serial.print("        ");      //debug only
    //Serial.println(myDataIn, BIN); //debug only
  
    digitalWrite(myClockPin, HIGH);
  }
  //Serial.println();                //debug only
  //Serial.println(myDataIn, BIN);   //debug only
  return myDataIn;
}


////////////function to check timer/////////
byte checkOnTime(byte hourOn, byte minuteOn, byte hourOff, byte minuteOff){
  tmElements_t tm;
  byte onTime = 0;
  long timeNow = 0;
  long onTrigger = 0;
  long offTrigger = 0;
 
  if(RTC.read(tm)){
  
    timeNow = tmConvert_t(tmYearToCalendar(tm.Year), tm.Month, tm.Day, tm.Hour, tm.Minute, tm.Second);
  
    onTrigger = tmConvert_t(tmYearToCalendar(tm.Year), tm.Month, tm.Day, hourOn, minuteOn, 0);
  
    if(hourOff < hourOn) {
      offTrigger = tmConvert_t(tmYearToCalendar(tm.Year), tm.Month, tm.Day+1, hourOff, minuteOff, 0);
    }
    else {
      offTrigger = tmConvert_t(tmYearToCalendar(tm.Year), tm.Month, tm.Day, hourOff, minuteOff, 0);
    }
    if(timeNow >= onTrigger && timeNow < offTrigger) {
      onTime = 1;
    }
    else {
      onTime = 0;
    }
  }
  //Serial.print("   Time now: ");
  //Serial.println(timeNow);
  //Serial.print(" On trigger: ");
  //Serial.println(onTrigger);
  //Serial.print("Off Trigger: ");
  //Serial.println(offTrigger);
  return onTime;
}

/////function to convert real time to unix timne////////
time_t tmConvert_t(int YYYY, byte MM, byte DD, byte hh, byte mm, byte ss){
  tmElements_t tmSet;
  tmSet.Year = YYYY - 1970;
  tmSet.Month = MM;
  tmSet.Day = DD;
  tmSet.Hour = hh;
  tmSet.Minute = mm;
  tmSet.Second = ss;
  return makeTime(tmSet);         //convert to time_t
}

byte getSensorValue(int sensorReading, int switchValue,
                    int switchLimit, byte switchStatus){
  byte onStatus = 0;
 
  if(switchStatus == 0){
    if(sensorReading <= switchValue){
      onStatus = 1;
    }
    else if(sensorReading > switchLimit){
      onStatus = 0;
    }
    else if(sensorReading > switchValue &&
            sensorReading <= switchLimit){
      onStatus = 0;
    }
  }
  else if(switchStatus = 1){
    if(sensorReading <= switchValue){
      onStatus = 1;
    }
    else if(sensorReading > switchValue &&
            sensorReading <= switchLimit){
      onStatus = 1;
    }
    else if(sensorReading > switchLimit){
      onStatus = 0;
    }
  }
  return onStatus;